Analysis of the bacterial profile in biological samples of cirrhotic patients in the adult ICU of a tertiary hospital in Goiânia-GO

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the bacterial resistance profile in cirrhotic patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Hospital Geral de Goiânia (HGG) and to relate it to the entry points to the service. Methodology: This is a retrospective cross-sectional/observational study with cirrhotic patients from the adult ICU at HGG between August 2019 and August 2020, aged 18 years and older. Data were obtained through a questionnaire, with the analysis of ICU records and the Hospital Infection Control Commission. For statistical calculations, SPSS 18.0 and Epi Info 3.5.2 were used. Results: 337 patients were included, the mean age was 64.0 years, 61.4% were male, 45.9% came from pre-hospital units, and 54.1% from other hospitals or from the HGG wards. 10.4% were cirrhotic and 91.4% of these were colonized, 77.3% with multidrug-resistant bacteria (BMR). 40% of cirrhotic patients were infected, 57.1% of them by BMR. Discussion: According to the literature, the agents are similar to those described in ICU patients, with Klebsiella sp., Acinetobacter baumannii, and Escherichia coli being the most prevalent. In addition, a higher prevalence of infection and colonization was identified in cirrhotic patients, including due to BMR among those previously hospitalized, with a predilection for the male gender. Conclusion: The risk of being infected and/or colonized by BMR is equivalent between patients from primary care and from the hospital itself. Thus, therapeutic measures for both should be of equal importance to prevent resistant bacterial development.