Perfil de resistência antimicrobiana do streptococcus agalactiae em parturientes atendidas em hospital público de Goiânia: implicações para a profilaxia intraparto

Waldemar Naves Amaral; Telma  Sousa Pires; Juliana  Lamaro Cardoso; Weslley José  Moreira Garcia; Bruna  Sousa Rodrigues

doi:10.63162/v67n69e25634

Authors

Waldemar Naves Amaral Professor do Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia e diretor da Faculdade de Medicina - UFG/GO, Goiânia/GO, Brasil. Autor https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0824-1138
Telma Sousa Pires Biomédica da Prefeitura Municipal de Goiânia, Goiânia/GO, Brasil; Fundação Hemocentro de Brasília - Brasilia/DF, Brasil. Autor https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8337-0254
Juliana Lamaro Cardoso Professora do Departamento de Microbiológia da Faculdade de Medicina - UFG/GO, Goiânia/GO, Brasil. Autor https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3664-2761
Weslley José Moreira Garcia Doutorando em Ciências da Saúde na Faculdade de Medicina - UFG/GO, Goiânia/GO, Brasil. Autor https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4721-5434
Bruna Sousa Rodrigues Médica Neurocirurgiã, Goiânia/GO, Brasil. Autor https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4643-0236

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63162/v67n69e25634

Keywords:

Group B Streptococcus, Antimicrobial susceptibility, Maternal colonization, Post-exposure prophylaxis, Beta-lactams

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Streptococcus agalactiae colonization among parturients admitted to a public referral hospital in Goiânia, Brazil, and to characterize the antimicrobial resistance profile of the isolates, emphasizing implications for intrapartum prophylaxis. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 206 pregnant women between 35 and 37 weeks of gestation at the Dona Íris Maternity Hospital. Identification of S. agalactiae was performed using Todd-Hewitt selective broth culture, confirmed by chromogenic agar and real-time PCR (qPCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined according to the 2024 BrCAST/EUCAST guidelines using the disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 5% horse blood and β-NAD. The prevalence of maternal colonization was 25.7% by qPCR and 20.4% by culture, with the vaginal site being the most affected (41.8%) and combined vaginal–anal colonization accounting for 25.4%. High susceptibility was observed to β-lactam antibiotics—penicillin (85.5%), ampicillin (92.8%), and ceftriaxone (96.4%)—while significant resistance was detected to clindamycin (83.6%), erythromycin (54.6%), and tetracycline (70.9%). No sociodemographic or obstetric variables were significantly associated with colonization. In conclusion, β-lactams remain the first-choice agents for intrapartum prophylaxis, whereas high resistance rates to macrolides and lincosamides reinforce the need for individualized antimicrobial susceptibility testing in penicillin-allergic women. The progressive incorporation of rapid molecular methods such as qPCR, in association with conventional culture, can enhance screening accuracy and support evidence-based strategies for preventing S. agalactiae infections in obstetric care.

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